AI Aces the Test, But Can It Make the Grade? Why Classification Isn’t Decision-Making

We constantly hear about AI’s incredible feats: identifying cats in photos better than your cousin Kevin, translating languages on the fly, even spotting diseases on medical scans. AI models, especially those powered by Deep Learning, are phenomenal classifiers. They can look at data and yell “CAT!” or “SPAM!” or “POTENTIAL TUMOR!” with astonishing accuracy. But …

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Understanding Probability Distributions: The Language of Uncertainty

In the real world, outcomes are rarely certain. Will it rain tomorrow? Will a stock price go up? Will a user click on an ad? Probability theory provides the mathematical framework for reasoning about uncertainty, and at the heart of this framework lies the concept of a probability distribution. A probability distribution is a fundamental …

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Neuroplasticity in AI: How the Brain’s Adaptability Inspires Smarter Machines

“Every man can, if he so desires, become the sculptor of his own brain.” – Santiago Ramón y Cajal Imagine you wake up one morning to find your coffee machine has grown extra buttons overnight, ready to prepare new exotic brews you didn’t even know existed. Far-fetched? For your kitchen appliances, certainly—but what if your …

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An In-Depth Look at Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO)

In recent months, the DeepSeek team has showcased impressive results by fine-tuning large language models for advanced reasoning tasks using an innovative reinforcement learning technique called Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO). In this post, we’ll explore the theoretical background and core principles of GRPO while also offering a primer on Reinforcement Learning (RL) and its …

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Advancing LLM Fine-Tuning with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO)

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become a powerful technique for fine-tuning large models, especially Large Language Models (LLMs), to improve their performance on complex tasks. One of the latest innovations in this area is Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), a new RL algorithm introduced by the DeepSeek team. GRPO was designed to tackle the challenges of …

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